中美欧日韩知识产权五局合作（IP5）机制

为解决共同面临的专利申请量剧增、待审案卷积压严重的问题，2007年，中国国家知识产权局（CNIPA）、欧洲专利局（EPO）、日本特许厅（JPO）、韩国特许厅（KIPO）和美国专利商标局（USPTO）这五个国家/地区的知识产权机构建立了中美欧日韩知识产权五局合作（IP5）机制。

　　IP5合作的成员为：

　　■中国国家知识产权局（CNIPA）

　　■欧洲专利局（EPO）

　　■日本特许厅（JPO）

　　■韩国特许厅（KIPO）

　　■美国专利商标局（USPTO）

　　中美欧日韩知识产权五局处理了全球约80%的专利申请和95%的PCT专利申请的审查工作。中美欧日韩知识产权五局紧密合作，共同提升效率应对专利申请积压问题。五局局长每年会面，审议合作进展并决定战略。

　　中美欧日韩知识产权五局合作机制建立之初的愿景为“消除各局之间不必要的重复性工作，提高专利审查效率和质量，确保专利权的稳定性”，并将“工作共享”作为合作的重要理念和主要方式。随着合作的不断深入，为应对新的经济社会发展要求，2017年，中美欧日韩知识产权五局确立了新的合作愿景，“五局将开展专利实践和程序的协调、加强工作共享、提供高质量和及时的检索与审查结果以及无缝接入的专利信息、推动国际专利环境朝着更加高效、低成本和方便用户的方向发展”。

　　中美欧日韩知识产权五局充分认识到与知识产权系统用户以及其他专利局保持开放沟通的重要性，因此努力吸收产业界及其他有行动需求的局方的观点。世界知识产权组织（WIPO）作为观察员参与了中美欧日韩知识产权五局合作所有层级的会议。

　　自2012年开始，中美欧日韩知识产权五局局长与中美欧日韩产业界代表（IP5产业界）的年度会议成为了五局合作的一个特色。此外，全球案卷工作组（GDTF）会议的举办，成功使得全球案卷项目的推进聚焦于用户需求。

　　随着中美欧日韩知识产权五局合作项目的数量和复杂度的增加，与中美欧日韩产业界代表的深入技术讨论对确保五局合作符合用户期待与诉求变得尤为必要。

　　2016年10月，中美欧日韩知识产权五局局长同意建立一个新的论坛，即IP5产业界咨询组（ICG），着眼于在GDTF成功的基础上，将与产业界的咨询扩展到中美欧日韩知识产权五局合作的其他领域。

　　IP5产业界当前由以下组织组成：

　　■中国专利保护协会（PPAC）

　　■欧洲商会（Business Europe）

　　■日本知识产权协会（JIPA）

　　■韩国知识产权协会（KINPA）

　　■美国知识产权人协会（IPO）

　　■美国知识产权法律协会（AIPLA）

　　2020年7月21日，中美欧日韩知识产权五局合作局长会议将由中国国家知识产权局首次通过视频会议方式主办。本次会议将重点讨论应对新冠肺炎疫情的战略措施和后疫情时代的五局合作等内容，还将对规范五局合作新工作模式的线上会议指南和与五局产业界沟通规程以及新兴技术/人工智能等合作项目的进展和下一步工作进行汇报和审批。

The Five IP Offices (IP5) is the name given to a forum of the five largest intellectual property offices in the world that was set up to improve the efficiency of the examination process for patents worldwide.

The members of IP5 are:
• the China National Intellectual Property Administration (CNIPA)
• the European Patent Office (EPO)
• the Japan Patent Office (JPO)
• the Korean Intellectual Property Office (KIPO)
• the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO)

The IP5 Offices together handle about 80 per cent of the world's patent applications, and 95 per cent of all work carried out under the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT). The IP5 Offices work together closely to improve efficiency and address the growing backlogs in applications worldwide. The heads of the IP5 Offices meet annually to decide on strategy and review progress.

For the first ten years of their co-operation, the IP5 Offices' focus was on "the elimination of unnecessary duplication of work among the offices, enhancement of patent examination efficiency and quality, and guarantee of the stability of patent right".

To cover evolving user needs, in 2017, the five offices defined their new vision of IP5 co-operation as: "Patent harmonization of practices and procedures, enhanced work-sharing, high-quality and timely search and examination results, and seamless access to patent information to promote an efficient, cost-effective and user-friendly international patent landscape."

The IP5 Offices recognise the importance of open communication with users of the system, including other patent offices. The offices therefore endeavour to bring on board the views of industry, and other offices that share the need for action. The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) has also been involved as an observer in all levels of IP5 meetings.

Since 2012, annual meetings between the IP5 Heads of Office and industry representatives of the IP5 regions (IP5 Industry) have become an integral feature of IP5 co-operation. In addition, meetings of the Global Dossier Task Force (GDTF) have been successful in keeping developments in the Global Dossier project closely focussed on the needs of the user community.

As the number and complexity of topics in the IP5 co-operation increase, in-depth technical discussions with IP5 Industry representatives are essential to ensure that the IP5 co-operation continues to develop in line with users' expectations and needs.

The IP5 Heads of Office agreed in October 2016 to establish a new forum, the IP5 Industry Consultation Group (ICG), with a view to building on the success of the Global Dossier Task Force and expanding the consultation process with IP5 Industry to further areas of IP5 co-operation.

IP5 Industry is currently comprised of:
- Patent Protection Association of China (PPAC)
- Business Europe
- Japan Intellectual Property Association (JIPA)
- Korea Intellectual Property Association (KINPA)
- Intellectual Property Owners Association (IPO)
-American Intellectual Property Law Association (AIPLA)

The IP5 Heads of Office Meeting will be hosted by China National Intellectual Property Administration as videoconference for the first time on July 21, 2020. The meeting will focus on strategic responses to the COVID-19 pandemic and IP5 cooperation in the post-pandemic era. The Guideline for Working Virtually and Communication Protocol with IP5 Industry，which define the new mode of IP5 cooperation, as well as progress and next steps of several cooperation projects including New Emerging Technologies/Artificial Intelligence will be reported and endorsed by the Heads.

来源：国家知识产权局

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