注释:
【1】 例如,正常维权还是"
专利流氓"?男子诉多家拟上市公司侵权惹争议,《新京报》,2018年9月26日,载于http://www.bjnews.com.cn/news/2018/09/26/507652_2.html。
【2】 Erick Robinson,为什么说中国是NPE的理想之地,《Global-IP-Update》, 2017年4月5日,载于http://chongzhong.com/globalipupdate/136341.html。
【3】 Richard A. Epstein, Trolling for "Patent Trolls", Defining Ideas/Hoover Institution, June 11, 2013, available at http://www.hoover.org/publications/defining-ideas/article/149096.
【4】The President's National Economic Council, Council of Economic Advisers and Office of Science and Technology Policy (Obama Administration), Patent Assertion and U.S. Innovation, June 4, 2013,at 3-4, available at https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/sites/default/files/docs/patent_report.pdf.
【5】 同上注。
【6】鲁周煌,未来已来--当NPE进入中国,《中国
知识产权》,总128期(2017年10月),第64页,载于http://www.chinaipmagazine.com/journal-show.asp?id=2789;另参见Tom Mitchell, Sonypatent case shows how legal battles pose new threat in China, Financial Times, November 15, 2016, at https://www.ft.com/content/ba17282c-ab14-11e6-9cb3-bb8207902122。
【7】 Global君,不再等待?中兴首次转让
专利给运营型NPE,《Global-IP-Update》, 2017年5月15日,载于http://chongzhong.com/globalipupdate/184175.html。结果真正的购买方Longhorn IP在获得了
专利权后,透过旗下的子公司L2 Mobile Communications LLC掉头在同年9月5日就向北京
知识产权法院起诉了台湾的宏达电公司(HTC)。而代理这家原告公司的律所是北京东方亿思,其创始人是原中国
专利局局长高卢麟博士。
【8】 Mark A. Lemley and A. Douglas Melamed, Missing the Forest for the Trolls, 113 Columbia Law Review 1001 (2013).
【9】 E.g., Lauren Cohen, Umit G. Gurun and Scott Duke Kominers, Patent Trolls: Evidence from Targeted Firms, Harvard Business School Working Paper No. 15-002 (2018 Update), available at https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2464303.
【10】 例如,秦玉公,中国NPE诉讼的现状与企业应对策略,《知产力》,2018年2月14日,载于http://chuansong.me/n/2193354451522。.
【11】 TC Heartland LLC v. Kraft Foods Group Brands LLC, 581 U.S. __ (2017).
【12】 Octane Fitness, LLC v. ICON Health & Fitness, Inc., 572 U.S. ___ (2014).
【13】 Alice Corporation Pty. Ltd. v. CLS Bank International, 573 U.S. 208 (2014).
【14】 eBay Inc. v. MercExchange, LLC, 547 U.S. 388 (2006).
【15】 FTC, Patent Assertion Entity Activity: An FTC Study (October 2016), available at https://www.ftc.gov/system/files/documents/reports/patent-assertion-entity-activity-ftc-study/p131203_patent_assertion_entity_activity_an_ftc_study_0.pdf.
【16】 Price Waterhouse Coopers (PWC), 2018 Patent Litigation Study (May 2018), at 2.
【17】 Princo Corporation v. International Trade Commission (ITC), 616 F.3d 1318 (Fed.Cir. 2010)(en banc).
【18】 Eastern Railroad Presidents Conference v. Noerr Motor Freight, Inc., 365 U.S. 127 (1961)与Mine Workers v. Pennington, 381 U.S. 657 (1965)。
【19】 参见Pennington案, 381 U.S. at 670;另参见Federal Trade Commission, Enforcement Perspectives on the Noerr-Pennington Doctrine: An FTC Staff Report, at 7 (2006), available at http://www.ftc.gov/reports/P013518 enfperspectNoerr-Penningtondoctrine.pdf。
【20】 California Motor Transport Co. v. Trucking Unlimited, 404 U.S. 508 (1972).
【21】 参见《Noerr》案,365 U.S. at 144。
【22】 Professional Real Estate Investors, Inc. v. Columbia Pictures Industries, Inc., 508 U.S. 49 (1993).
【23】 目前美国已通过"反滥诉"法规的有加利福尼亚、佛罗里达、夏威夷、俄亥俄与德克萨斯等五个州。美国最早通过的是加州。
【24】 California Code of Civil Procedure §391(b) (2012).
【25】 California Vexatious Litigants List, http://www.courts.ca.gov/documents/vexlit.pdf.